Environment and Planning A Economy and Space · 2002 · 233 citations · 32 references
PlanningUrban PlanningUrban StudiesEvacuation PlanningSpatial AnalysisSpatial ModelingEvacuation DesignEvacuation SimulationEvacuation TimingSpatial SimulationTraffic Flow ManagementUrban TransportEvacuationEvacuation ModelingHousehold Evacuation Decision-makingHousehold Evacuation PlanningMicroscopic Traffic ModelingTraffic SimulationTraffic Simulation ModelingUrban Evacuation Planning
Residential development in fire‑prone wildlands is increasing at an unprecedented rate, creating an emerging need for community‑based evacuation planning. The study presents a microscopic traffic‑simulation method to develop and test neighborhood evacuation plans in the urban–wildland interface, enabling analysts to map subneighborhood variation in household evacuation travel times across scenarios. The method uses a custom scenario generator for household trip generation, departure timing, and destination choice, coupled with a commercial traffic‑simulation system for route choice and dynamic visualization, and applies GIS mapping to assess the spatial impact of a proposed second access road in a case study community east of Salt Lake City, Utah. Our results indicate that the second road will reduce some household travel times much more than others, but all evacuation travel times will become more consistent.
Residential development in fire-prone wildlands is occurring at an unprecedented rate. Community-based evacuation planning in many areas is an emerging need. In this paper we present a method for using microscopic traffic simulation to develop and test neighborhood evacuation plans in the urban–wildland interface. The method allows an analyst to map the subneighborhood variation in household evacuation travel times under various scenarios. A custom scenario generator manages household trip generation, departure timing, and destination choice. Traffic simulation, route choice, and dynamic visualization are handled by a commercial system. We present a case study for a controversial fire-prone canyon community east of Salt Lake City, Utah. GIS was used to map the spatial effects of a proposed second access road on household evacuation times. Our results indicate that the second road will reduce some household travel times much more than others, but all evacuation travel times will become more consistent.
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