The power of amnesia: Learning probabilistic automata with variable memory length

Maximum Likelihood from Incomplete Data Via the <i>EM</i> Algorithm

A. P. Dempster, N. M. Laird, Donald B. Rubin · Journal of the Royal Statistical Society Series B (Statistical Methodology) · 1977 · 49.7K citations

Public Health, Biostatistics, Bayesian Data Analysis +16

A tutorial on hidden Markov models and selected applications in speech recognition

L. R. Rabiner · Proceedings of the IEEE · 1989 · 22.8K citations

Computing, Computer Science, Machine Learning +11

A Maximization Technique Occurring in the Statistical Analysis of Probabilistic Functions of Markov Chains

Leonard E. Baum, Ted Petrie, George Soules · The Annals of Mathematical Statistics · 1970 · 4.3K citations · Full text

Natural Sciences, Computer Science, Mathematics +12

Compression of individual sequences via variable-rate coding

J. Ziv, A. Lempel · IEEE Transactions on Information Theory · 1978 · 3.5K citations

Engineering, Computer Science, Algorithms +11

Prediction and Entropy of Printed English

Claude E. Shannon · Bell System Technical Journal · 1951 · 2.7K citations

Computing, English, Information Theory +6