Inclination and Anteversion Angles of the Femoral Head and Neck in the Dog Evaluation of a Standard Method of Measurement

Abstract

The inclination and anteversion angles of the femoral head and neck in 30 mongrel dogs were determined using a radiographic biplanar technique. The angle of anteversion of the 30 necropsy specimens was measured directly and compared with the in vivo radiographic measurements. The average value for the angles of anteversion, inclination, and corrected real angles of inclination were 31.3°, 148.8°, and 144.7°, respectively. Graphs were established using existing trigonometric relations to facilitate the analysis. The method used was found to be simple, reliable, and accurate. The mean difference between the indirect radiographic biplanar technique and direct measurements on isolated bones was ° 1.5°. The difference between the mean values of anteversion angles determined after radiographic biplanar technique and direct bone measurements was not significant (p > 0.05).