Precipitation: Process and Analysis

Abstract

Part 1 Water in the atmosphere: the global picture atmospheric water as a part of the hydrological cycle evaporation, transpiration and evapotranspiration determination of evaporation and transpiration rates. Part 2 The formation of clouds: setting the stage uplift in the atmosphere cloud types and morphology. Part 3 Precipitation formation: not all clouds precipitate precipitation form precipitation characteristics precipitation type. Part 4 Local and small-scale precipitation: shower and storm generation and movement multicell and supercell storms squall-line storms mesoscale convective complexes locally-forced precipitation. Part 5 Synoptic-scale precipitation - temperate systems: small-scale synoptic features the temperate latitude frontal depression. Part 6 Synoptic-scale precipitation - tropical systems: atmospheric circulation in the tropics disturbance in the tropics monsoon circulations longer term larger scale precipitation variations in the tropics. Part 7 Precipitation measurement and observation: measurement by gauges - by ground-based radar - by satellite. Part 8 Precipitation analysis - in time: precipitation climatologies trends and oscillations system signatures probability studies probable maximum precipitation (PMP). Part 9 Precipitation analysis - in space: mapping precipitation areal mean precipitation the spatial organization of precipitation.