Antigenic Structure of Polioviruses of Serotypes 1, 2 and 3

TLDR

The antigenic sites recognized by neutralizing monoclonal antibodies against Sabin vaccine strains of poliovirus serotypes 1, 2, and 3 were investigated by isolating and characterizing neutralization‑resistant mutants. Three distinct antigenic sites were identified: site 1 (VP1 residues 89–100) is immunodominant in types 2 and 3 but absent in type 1; site 2 (VP1 residues 220–222 and VP2 residues 169–170) is present in type 1 and partially in type 3; and site 3 (VP1 residues 286–290 and VP3 residues 58–59) is detected in type 3 and partially in type 1.

Abstract

Summary The antigenic sites recognized by monoclonal antibodies with neutralizing activity for the Sabin vaccine strains of poliovirus of serotypes 1, 2 and 3 have been studied by the isolation and characterization of mutants resistant to neutralization by antibody. Three distinct sites have been identified which are designated site 1, site 2 and site 3. Site 1 includes a region of 12 amino acids of VP1, from residues 89 to 100, and a corresponding region of VP1 has been identified as an antigenic site for poliovirus 2. This site was strongly immunodominant in type 2 and type 3 but was not detected for poliovirus 1. Site 2 is a complex site including residues 220 to 222 from VP1 (site 2a) with residues including 169 and 170 and others of VP2 (site 2b). Both site 2a and site 2b have been detected in type 1 poliovirus, while as yet only site 2b has been detected in type 3 poliovirus. Site 3 is a complex site including residues 286 to 290 from VP1 (site 3a) with residues including 58 and 59 and others of VP3 (site 3b). Both sites 3a and 3b have been detected in type 3 poliovirus, while as yet only site 3b has been detected in type 1 poliovirus.