Synthesis of Phenanthro[9,10‐<i>b</i>]indolizidin‐9‐ones, Phenanthro[9,10‐<i>b</i>]quinolizidin‐9‐one, and Related Benzolactams by Pd(OAc)₂‐Catalyzed Direct Aromatic Carbonylation

Abstract

Abstract Phenanthro[9,10‐ b ]indolizidin‐9‐ones, phenanthro[9,10‐ b ]quinolizidin‐9‐one, and related benzolactams were synthesized by benzolactam ring formation using Pd(OAc) 2 ‐catalyzed direct aromatic carbonylation. This also constitutes a formal synthesis of the representative phenanthroindolizidine and ‐quinolizidine alkaloids (±)‐tylophorine, (±)‐antofine, and (±)‐cryptopleurine.(© Wiley‐VCH Verlag GmbH &amp; Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim, Germany, 2009)