Magnetoelectric coupling in small Pb(Zr,Ti)O3/terfenol-D laminate composites

Abstract

Electric-field-induced magnetization (EIM) in small Pb(Zr,Ti)O3/terfenol-D bilayered composites was investigated by using double coils, which could conveniently detect the EIM behaviors representing the whole sample and compare the magnetoelectric coupling from different samples. The EIM characteristics with the driving electric field, bias magnetic field, thickness ratio between Pb(Zr,Ti)O3 and terfenol-D, and angle θ between the bias magnetic field and polarization direction were investigated in detail. Part characteristics about magnetic-field-induced electric polarization (MIEP) were studied for comparison. The magnetoelectric variations with the bias magnetic field exhibit hysteresis, forming magnetoelectric hysteresis loops. The EIM coefficients decrease with the thickness ratio, showing an inverse behavior with the MIEP. When the driving electric field frequency is near one of the integer magnetoelectric resonance frequencies, multiple EIM resonances can be inspired. Both MIEP and EIM have evident responses to the driving signal out of the bias magnetic field, offering an approach to the application for the ME composite materials.