Mitochondrial dysfunction activates cyclooxygenase 2 expression in cultured normal human chondrocytes

Abstract

These results strongly suggest that, in human chondrocytes, the inhibition of complexes III and V of the MRC induces an inflammatory response, which could be especially relevant in relation to PGE(2) production via mitochondrial Ca(2+) exchange, ROS production, and NF-kappaB activation. These data may prove valuable for a better understanding of the participation of mitochondria in the pathogenesis of OA.