FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF THE MALE FELINE URETHRA: MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CORRELATIONS

Abstract

No AccessJournal of UrologyInvestigative Urology1 Feb 1999FUNCTIONAL ANATOMY OF THE MALE FELINE URETHRA: MORPHOLOGICAL AND PHYSIOLOGICAL CORRELATIONS BAOQING WANG, NARENDRA BHADRA, and WARREN M. GRILL BAOQING WANGBAOQING WANG More articles by this author , NARENDRA BHADRANARENDRA BHADRA More articles by this author , and WARREN M. GRILLWARREN M. GRILL More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1016/S0022-5347(01)61989-XAboutFull TextPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Anatomical and histological methods were combined with measurements of the urethral pressure profile (UPP) to investigate the functional aspects of the urethra in male cats. A silicone rubber catheter with two microdiaphragm pressure transducers was used to measure the UPP. Gross anatomy and ultrastructure of the urethra at each segment were examined and correlated with the pressure profile data. The preprostatic urethra was composed of three layers of smooth muscle, while distal to the prostate striated muscle became predominant. Increased baseline pressure and rapid fluctuations in pressure in the postprostatic urethra and bulbourethra resulted from the function of periurethral striated musculature. The UPP was affected by the bladder pressure, repetition of the measurement, the sensor orientation in the urethra, and the type of measurement catheter. Well controlled high fidelity measurements enabled a clear correlation to be established between the features of the UPP and the anatomy of the urethra and surrounding musculature. Additionally, observations on the ultrastructural and microscopic anatomy of the urethra extend a previous description of the pelvic urethra. References 1 : Urethral sphincter dyssynergia in spinal cord injury patients. Paraplegia1987; 25: 10. Google Scholar 2 : Urodynamics of spinal cord injury. Urol. Clin. North Am.1996; 23: 459. Google Scholar 3 : Morphology and stereology of the female canine urethra correlated with the urethral pressure profile. Acta Anat. Basel1993; 148: 197. Google Scholar 4 : Comparative effects of xylazine and propofol on the urethral pressure profile of healthy dogs. Am. J. Vet. Res.1993; 54: 1986. Google Scholar 5 : Pharmacological relaxation of the urethra in male cats: a study of the effects of phenoxybenzamine, diazepam, nifedipine and xylazine. Can. J. Vet. Res.1991; 55: 830. Google Scholar 6 : Effects of xylazine on the urethral pressure profile of healthy dogs. Am. J. Vet. Res.1985; 46: 1881. Google Scholar 7 : Stereographic urethral pressure profile. Urol. Int.1984; 39: 199. Google Scholar 8 : Qualitative analysis of the four-channel, high-resolution urethral pressure profile of the female dog. J. Urol.1989; 142: 855. Abstract, Google Scholar 9 : Urodynamic assessment of urethral sphincter function in post-prostatectomy incontinence. J. Urol.1996; 156: 1131. Link, Google Scholar 10 : Urethral closure pressure changes with age in men. J. Urol.1996; 156: 1741. Link, Google Scholar 11 : Applied anatomy and physiology of the feline lower urinary tract. Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim., Pract.1996; 26: 181. Google Scholar 12 : Electromyographic and urethral pressure profilometry. Clinical application in male cats. Vet. Clin. North Am. Small Anim. Pract.1984; 14. Google Scholar 13 : Morphometry of the male feline pelvic urethra. J. Urol.1983; 129: 186. Link, Google Scholar 14 : Urethral pressure profile. Standardization of technique and study of reproducibility. Urology1975; 5: 632. Google Scholar 15 : Alpha-chloralose alters autonomic reflex function of the lower urinary tract. Am. J. Physiol.1991; 261: R1560. Google Scholar 16 : The component reflexes of micturition in the cat. Brain1941; 64: 239. Google Scholar 17 : Reflexes involving the external urethral sphincter in the cat. J. Physiol.1965; 149: 653. Google Scholar 18 : Use of fine-wire electrodes for electromyographic evaluation of the external urethral sphincter during urethral pressure profilometry in male cats. Am. J. Vet. Res.1991; 52: 314. Google Scholar 19 : Editorial comment. Neurourol. Urodynam1989; 8: 499. Google Scholar From the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio(GRILL) Requests for reprints: Applied Neural Control Laboratory, CB Bolton Bldg. Rm 3480, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland OH 44106-4912Supported by NIH NINDS Neural Prosthesis Program Contract NIH-NINDS-N01-NS-5-2331.© 1999 by American Urological Association, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byGUSTAFSON K, CREASEY G and GRILL W (2018) A Catheter Based Method to Activate Urethral Sensory Nerve FibersJournal of Urology, VOL. 170, NO. 1, (126-129), Online publication date: 1-Jul-2003. Volume 161Issue 2February 1999Page: 654-659 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 1999 by American Urological Association, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information BAOQING WANG More articles by this author NARENDRA BHADRA More articles by this author WARREN M. GRILL More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF downloadLoading ...