Defining a molecular phenotype for benign and malignant parathyroid tumors

Abstract

No single diagnostic marker currently determines whether a parathyroid tumor is a parathyroid carcinoma, but loss of parafibromin and Rb expression, and overexpression of galectin-3, generally distinguish parathyroid carcinoma from other parathyroid tumors. Parathyromatosis does not appear to be a low-grade parathyroid carcinoma.