Peripheral Arterial Disease in the Elderly

TLDR

The study aimed to determine age- and sex-specific prevalence of peripheral arterial disease and intermittent claudication among adults aged 55 and older. Researchers conducted a population-based survey of 7,715 individuals, assessing PAD via ankle-arm systolic blood pressure index (AAI < 0.90) and IC through the WHO/Rose questionnaire. PAD prevalence was 19.1% (higher in women), IC only 1.6%, with most PAD cases asymptomatic; PAD patients were more likely smokers, hypertensive, and had cardiovascular disease, and both prevalences rose with age.

Abstract

Abstract —To assess the age- and sex-specific prevalence of peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and intermittent claudication (IC) in an elderly population, we performed a population-based study in 7715 subjects (40% men, 60% women) aged 55 years and over. The presence of PAD and IC was determined by measuring the ankle-arm systolic blood pressure index (AAI) and by means of the World Health Organization/Rose questionnaire, respectively. PAD was considered present when the AAI was &lt;0.90 in either leg. The prevalence of PAD was 19.1% (95% confidence interval, 18.1% to 20.0%): 16.9% in men and 20.5% in women. Symptoms of IC were reported by 1.6% (95% confidence interval, 1.3% to 1.9%) of the study population (2.2% in men, 1.2% in women). Of those with PAD, 6.3% reported symptoms of IC (8.7% in men, 4.9% in women), whereas in 68.9% of those with IC an AAI below 0.90 was found. Subjects with an AAI &lt;0.90 were more likely to be smokers, to have hypertension, and to have symptomatic or asymptomatic cardiovascular disease compared with subjects with an AAI of 0.90 or higher. The authors conclude that the prevalence of PAD in the elderly is high whereas the prevalence of IC is rather low, although both prevalences clearly increase with advancing age. The vast majority of PAD patients reports no symptoms of IC.