Human pancreatic cancer cells express non-functional Fas receptors and counterattack lymphocytes by expressing Fas ligand; a potential mechanism for immune escape.

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the expression and functional status of Fas ligand (FasL) and its receptor (Fas) in human pancreatic cancers. Using RT-PCR and Western blotting, Fas and FasL were expressed in seven surgically resected pancreatic cancer specimens and five cell lines; Capan-1, AsPC-1, BxPC-3, PANC-1, and MIA PaCa-2. In the resected specimens, pancreatic cancer cells induced apoptosis in the surrounding lymphoid cells. In coculture experiments of pancreatic cancer and Jurkat T cells, 50% of Jurkat T cells underwent apoptosis after 2 days, however, almost all pancreatic cancer cells remained viable. In addition, by testing Fas function using anti-Fas antibody (CH11), all cell lines were resistant to Fas-mediated apoptosis except Capan-1 cells which showed sensitivity similar to that of Jurkat T cells. These results suggest that pancreatic cancer cells evade immune surveillance by expression of FasL and non-functioning Fas that allow them to activated T-cells. These tumor escape mechanisms may contribute to the rapid fatal course of pancreatic cancer.