Politics beyond the State Environmental Activism and World Civic Politics

TLDR

NGOs lobby states and mobilize societies, yet scholars often overlook these non‑governmental efforts. The article investigates how environmental activists practice world civic politics and assesses its significance for NGO and world‑politics studies. TEAGs employ transnational social, economic, and cultural networks to shift conduct norms, alter corporate behavior, and empower communities, thereby politicizing global civil society. Evidence shows that such NGO societal actions effectively shape widespread behavior across the globe.

Abstract

Nongovernmental organizations (NGOS) both lobby states and work within and across societies to advance their interests. These latter efforts are generally ignored by students of world politics because they do not directly involve governments. A study of transnational environmental activist groups (TEAGs) such as Greenpeace, Friends of the Earth, and World Wildlife Fund demonstrates that NGO societal efforts indeed shape widespread behavior throughout the world. TEAGs work through transnational social, economic, and cultural networks to shift standards of good conduct, change corporate practices, and empower local communities. This type of practice involves “world civic politics.” That is, TEAGs influence widespread behavior by politicizing global civil society—that slice of collective life which exists above the individual and below the state yet across national boundaries. This article examines the activity of world civic politics as practiced by environmental activists and evaluates its relevance for the study of NGOs and world politics in general.