Early azathioprine/biological therapy is associated with decreased risk for first surgery and delays time to surgery but not reoperation in both smokers and nonsmokers with Crohnʼs disease, while smoking decreases the risk of colectomy in ulcerative colitis

Abstract

Our data suggest that early AZA/biological therapy reduces the risk for first operation but not reoperation in CD, in both smokers and nonsmokers. In contrast, smoking was associated with a decreased need for colectomy in UC.