The Journal of Business · 1993 · 345 citations · 32 references
BusinessBusiness EconomicsFinanceCapital StructureCorporate FinanceMergersAcquisitions DecisionsCapital Structure AnalysisCapital Structure DeterminantsCapital Structure TheoryLeverage DecisionsMergers And AcquisitionsAcquirer ReturnsAcquisition LeverageAcquisition PerformanceAnnouncement ReturnsFinancial Leverage EffectsLeverage ChoiceLeverage Effects On ReturnsLeveraged Acquisition
This article investigates leverage influence on project selection. First, the authors examine 428 mergers (1962-82) and then 389 acquisitions of all types (1982-86). Announcement-period acquirer returns are greater the higher the leverage of the acquirer. A third data set contains 173 acquisitions undertaken during 1978-90 for firms that underwent major increases in leverage, often forced by hostile takeover. Acquisition performance increases after restructuring. The evidence is invariant with respect to methodology--beta-adjusted abnormal returns, numeraire portfolio approach, and three-factor regression model residuals produce identical results. Overall, the data support the hypothesis that debt improves managerial decision-making. Copyright 1993 by University of Chicago Press.
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Agency Costs of Free Cash Flow, Corporate Finance, and Takeovers
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