Lack of a high prevalence of the BB vitamin D receptor genotype in severely osteoporotic women.

Abstract

Studies of twins strongly suggest that more than 50% of the peak spinal bone density is determined by genetics. It was reported recently that this genetic effect is primarily determined by vitamin D receptor (VDR) alleles; specifically, a VDR genotype termed BB has been highly associated with low peak bone density. Homozygotes for the second VDR allele, bb, are associated with high peak bone density. If peak bone density is an important determinant of osteoporosis and if the VDR genotype is an important determinant of peak bone density, then patients with severe osteoporosis should have a high prevalence of the BB VDR genotype compared with that of control subjects. To test this hypothesis, we used Southern blot analysis to determine the VDR genotype of 41 Caucasian patients (72 +/- 14 yr) with severe osteoporosis (27 women with spinal bone densities below 50 mg/cm3 as determined by quantitative computed tomography; 14 women with spinal bone densities below 0.75 g/cm2 as determined by dual energy x-ray absorptiometry) and 23 Caucasian control subjects (68 +/- 7 yr) without osteoporosis (quantitative computed tomography values at or above the fracture threshold of 100 mg/cm3). Only 6 of the 41 individuals in the group with severe osteoporosis had the BB genotype, whereas 16 had the bb genotype. In the control group comprising 23 individuals, 7 had the BB genotype and only 6 had the bb genotype. We conclude that the BB VDR genotype is not a good predictor of risk for developing severe osteoporosis in our population.