Momentum and zonal kinetic energy balance of the atmosphere from five years of hemispheric data

Abstract

The angular momentum balance for the northern hemisphere is investigated from daily observations taken at about 800 sounding stations for a period of 5 years. A number of objective and other schemes of analysis are used in order to show possible differences arising from this source. The results are shown in many meridional cross sections through the atmosphere, for both the 60-month mean conditions and for four composite seasons of 15 months each. Profiles of vertical integrals of various quantities are also included. Some preliminary results concerning kinetic energy conversions are included, as an application of the momentum measurements. The results mainly agree with previous findings, although it is increasingly clear that vertical eddy flux processes contribute a vital part to the zonal kinetic energy balance through an added negative viscous effect. A new view of general circulation mechanics is threfore beginning to reveal itself.