The phase stability of BaTiO₃as a function of doped 3d elements: an experimental study

Abstract

The phase transition temperatures of identically prepared BaTiO3 polycrystalline materials (ceramics) doped with the iron group elements are investigated. The valence states and 3d electron configurations of the dopants were determined by means of magnetic susceptibility measurements. The structure stabilities depend sensitively on the charge of the dopants and on their 3d electron groundstate symmetry.