Archives of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery · 1987 · 132 citations · 11 references
Spasmodic dysphonia has been treated with various therapies, none curative, and the common surgical resection of the recurrent laryngeal nerve yields variable results, high recurrence, and is irreversible. The authors injected botulinum toxin type A into one vocal fold of two severe spasmodic dysphonia patients using an electromyographic hypodermic needle. Both patients experienced significant, complication‑free improvement, and the transient paresis allows repeat outpatient injections as needed.
A number of different therapies have been used in the management of spasmodic dysphonia. None are curative, and the results of the most widely used surgical procedure (resection of the recurrent laryngeal nerve) are not universally good, with a high recurrence rate in some series. Furthermore, the procedure is not reversible. Using a special electromyographic hypodermic needle, we injected botulinum A toxin into one of the vocal folds of two patients with severe spasmodic dysphonia. Both had significant improvement without any complications. Although the resultant paresis is not permanent, the injection can be repeated as needed as an outpatient procedure.
11
Botulinum A toxin for cranial‐cervical dystonia
Joseph Jankovic, Janet Orman · Neurology · 1987 · 547 citations
Phoniatrics, Blepharospasm Patients, Neurological Disorder +13
Botulinum toxin injection of eye muscles to correct strabismus.
Scott Ab · PubMed · 1981 · 456 citations · Full text
Vertical Strabismus, Ophthalmology, Experimental Ophthalmology +7