A comparative study into the mechanisms of action of anti–tumor necrosis factor α, anti-CD4, and combined anti–tumor necrosis factor α/anti-CD4 treatment in early collagen-induced arthritis

Abstract

The efficacy of the 3 treatments correlated with their ability to modulate the expression of inflammatory cytokines and adhesion molecules in the joint, reduce the cellularity of the joint, and inhibit Th1 activity. This kind of analysis may prove useful in the testing of novel therapies for RA.