CuO/ZnO Nanocorals synthesis via hydrothermal technique: growth mechanism and their application as Humidity Sensor

Abstract

We demonstrate hydrothermal synthesis of coral-like CuO nanostructures by selective growth on ZnO nanorods (NRs) at low temperatures. During the hydrothermal processing the resulting hydroxylated and eroded surface of ZnO NRs becomes favorable for the CuO nanostructures growth via oriented attachments. Heterojunction p–n diodes fabricated from the CuO/ZnO nanocorals (NCs) reveal stable and high rectification diode properties with a turn-on voltage of ∼1.52 V and a negligible reverse current. The humidity sensing characteristics of the CuO/ZnO NC diodes exhibit a remarkable linear (in a semilogarithmic scale) decrease in the DC resistance by more than three orders when the relative humidity is changed from 30–90%. The NC humidity sensor is also found to reveal the highest sensitivity factor of ∼6045 among available data for the constituent materials and a response and recovery time of 6 s and 7 s, respectively.