Green Chemistry Based Benign Routes for Nanoparticle Synthesis

TLDR

Green chemistry has attracted attention as a response to the energy crisis, and nanoscience offers versatile, reliable transformations that can address this challenge. This review aims to examine popular alternative synthesis routes for nanoparticles, including microbial, plant, and physical methods such as sonication and microwaving. The authors survey these routes, highlighting how microbes, plants, and energy‑efficient physical techniques can produce nanoparticles. Nanoparticles enable easier, faster, and more controllable catalysis, synthesis, enzyme immobilization, and molecular interactions.

Abstract

Green chemistry has been an eye catching area of interest since the past few years. With the problem of energy crisis looming high and its constraint being particularly vulnerable on the developing economies, the need for giving alternative traditional chemistry a serious consideration as well as adequate room for development has received significant boost through the coveted efforts of multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary scientific fields. Nanoscience has been the right field in this dimension as it opens up the door to multiple opportunities through enabling a number of chemical, biochemical, and biophysical transformations in a significantly easier and reliable manner. The use of nanoparticles has made the fields of catalysis, synthesis, and enzyme immobilizations as well as molecular interactions a lot much easier, rapid and easily controllable. This review article sheds light on the popular alternative synthesis routes being employed for the synthesis of nanoparticles, the pivotal being from microbes, plants, and chemical routes via sonication, microwaving, and many others.