<i>Colloquium</i>: Bulk Bogoliubov excitations in a Bose-Einstein condensate

Abstract

Bogoliubov theory for excitations in Bose-Einstein condensates was formulated over 50 years ago to qualitatively explain strongly interacting superfluids. Quantitative experimental verification of this theory came with the long-awaited realization of gaseous, weakly interacting condensates. This Colloquium reviews recent experimental advances in the study of Bogoliubov bulk excitations in Bose-Einstein condensates, obtained using two-photon Bragg scattering.