Sex Hormones and Cognitive Function in Older Men

Abstract

Our findings support the hypothesis that higher levels of bioavailable testosterone, but not of bioavailable estradiol, are associated with better cognitive function in older men. In addition, bioavailable measures of testosterone may better reflect hormone levels available to the brain and thus be more closely associated with central nervous system outcomes such as cognition. Future studies, especially randomized trials, should be undertaken to determine whether testosterone may protect against cognitive decline in older men.