Implantation of Left Ventricular Epicardial Leads in Cardiosurgical Patients with Impaired Cardiac Function–A Worthwhile Procedure in Concomitant Surgical Interventions?

Abstract

A small group of cardiac surgery patients may benefit from LV-lead implantation during concomitant procedures. A protocol for responder identification is useful. Existing devices should be upgraded to CRT systems. As CRT-ICD implantation is frequent, the additional costs and time are justified.