Bender-Gestalt Performance by Culturally Disadvantaged First Graders

Abstract

Bender-Gestalt error profiles were obtained from 35 Negro, culturally deprived, first graders. Scored by the Koppitz method, the profiles were compared with Koppitz norms and with data published by Henderson, et al. (1969). The results indicated that the current sample was significantly different in mean performance when compared with the norms ( z = 7.86, p < .001) but not when compared with the Henderson, et al. data ( t = 1.6, n.s.). Additional analyses showed a sex-by-error type interaction, with males making more errors on four of the six possible error types. Ss were also found to have the most difficulty with Designs 4, 7, and 8. Discussion pointed out error type and difficulty with particular designs were related. Areas of confounding were noted, and suggestions for additional research made.