Journal of Biomedical Materials Research · 1985 · 181 citations · 13 references
Materials ScienceBioceramicsTissue EngineeringSlight SolubilityEngineeringSynthetic Bone SubstituteBioactive MaterialCharacteristic SolubilityGlass-ceramicFunctional CeramicBioceramicOsteoporosisBiomedical EngineeringInterface ReactionsBiomaterialsBioglassesBone Substitution
The material combines mica and apatite crystals, making it machinable and bioactive, and its properties can be tuned by adjusting composition, nucleation, and crystallization. It is produced by a described preparation method, and its interface reaction with bone involves slight glass‑ceramic solubility and a solid‑state reaction between the stable apatite crystals and bone. The machinable bioactive glass‑ceramic, which surgeons can shape intraoperatively, exhibits characteristic solubility and forms a 5–10 µm Ca‑phosphate‑rich interface layer with bone through solid‑state reaction in both in‑vitro and in‑vivo studies.
A new biomaterial for bone substitution, a "machinable bioactive glass-ceramic" has been developed. The material contains two main crystal phases, mica and apatite, and is therefore machinable and bioactive. It has the advantage to be workable by the surgeon, if necessary, during operation. The preparation method of this glass-ceramic is described. Different types of the material can be produced in dependence of the composition, nucleation, and crystallization of the basic glass. In vivo and in vitro investigations showed a characteristic solubility of the material. A Ca-phosphate-rich interface layer with apatite crystals (from the basic glass-ceramic) and a thickness of about 5-10 micrometers grows as solid-state reaction between glass-ceramic and bone. This interface reaction is interpreted as a chemical process which includes a slight solubility of the glass-ceramic and a solid state reaction between the stable apatite crystals in the glass-ceramic and the bone.
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