Obstetrics and Gynecology · 1999 · 66 citations · 9 references
Public HealthMaternal HealthObstetricsEpidemiologyMaternal MortalityObstetric HemorrhageCauses Of Maternal MortalityEctopic PregnancyMaternal EpidemiologyPlacental AbruptionPregnancyRisk Factors For Obstetric HemorrhageMaternal Mortality Among Black WomenPopulation-based Maternal Mortality SurveillancePregnancy-associated Death SurveillancePregnancy-associated DeathsPregnancy-associated MortalityPregnancy-related Death SurveillancePregnancy-related Mortality RatePregnancy-related Mortality Ratio
OBJECTIVE: To study trends and examine risk factors for pregnancy-related mortality due to hemorrhage. METHODS: We analyzed pregnancy-related deaths from 1979-1992 from the National Pregnancy Mortality Surveillance System of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Live-birth data used to calculate mortality ratios were obtained from published vital statistics. Deaths due to ectopic pregnancies were excluded. RESULTS: There were 763 pregnancy-related deaths from hemorrhage associated with intrauterine pregnancies, a ratio of 1.4 deaths per 100,000 live births. The pregnancy-related mortality ratio was higher for black women and those of other races than white women. The risk of pregnancy-related mortality increased with age. Abruptio placentae was the overall leading cause of pregnancy-related death due to hemorrhage. Leading causes of death differed by race, age group, and pregnancy outcome. CONCLUSION: Hemorrhage is the leading cause of pregnancy-related death in the United States. Black women have three times the risk of death of white women. In-depth investigations are needed to ascertain the risk factors associated with those deaths.
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Pregnancy-related mortality in the united states, 1987–1990
Cynthia J. Berg, Hani K. Atrash, Lisa M. Koonin et al. · Obstetrics and Gynecology · 1996 · 388 citations
MATERNAL MORTALITY IN THE UNITED STATES
Hani K. Atrash, Lisa M. Koonin, H W Lawson et al. · The Medical Journal of Australia · 1951 · 154 citations