Ultrahigh piezoelectric response perpendicular to special cleavage plane in BaTiO3 single crystals

Abstract

We report on the ultrahigh piezoelectric response perpendicular to some special cleavage plane in BaTiO3 single crystals. An extremely high value of piezoelectric coefficient d33 value over 2000pC∕N was obtained after being poled perpendicular to special plane (270) in BaTiO3 crystal, which is more than 20 times higher than those poled along spontaneous polarization direction ⟨001⟩ (d33⟨001⟩=87pC∕N). A large strain of 0.6% was obtained at a very low electric field.