Scattering of electromagnetic waves by vegetation based on the wave approach and the stochastic lindenmayer system

Abstract

Abstract Wave scattering from the trees generated by the stochastic Lindenmayer system is studied by Monte Carlo simulations in this article. The scattering coefficients are calculated in three ways: wave approach, tree‐independent scattering, and independent scattering. It shows that the results of tree‐independent scattering agree well with that of wave approach for medium to high frequency. However, independent scattering is not a good approximation except for very high frequency.