Measurement of the surface tension of liquid Ga, Bi, Sn, In and Pb by the constrained drop method

Abstract

Measurementof the surfacetension of liquid Ga, Bi,Sn,Inand Pb bythe constrained drop method Thee ffectof the droplets izeo nthe accuracyof surface tension measurementbyt he sessile drop method isdiscussed forliquid metalst hrough asimulation byu singthe Laplacee quation.Itisfound thatw ithi ncreasing sizeo f the droplet,ahigheraccuracyof the measured valueofthe surfacetension canbeo btained.Ino rdert om ake alarge dropletof liquid metals,the constrained drop method with aspecialcrucible shape wasapplied tomeasurethe surface tension of liquid Ga, Sn,Bi,In,and Pb.The uncertainty of the measured surfacetension waswithin 1%.The temperaturedependencesof the surfacetensionofliquid Ga, Sn,Bi, In,a nd Pb wereo btained in the presentexperimentasfollows: Ga: r Ga ¼ 737 À 0 : 062T mN = m8 23 T 993 K ðÞ Sn: r Sn ¼ 579 À 0 : 066T mN = m723 T 993 K ðÞ Bi: r Bi ¼ 417 À 0 : 070T mN = m773 T 873K