Experimental Evidence for Subradiance

Abstract

The first observation of the subradiance phenomenon is reported. As previously predicted, destructive interatomic interference may prevent cooperative deexcitation of a collection of atoms from being complete. In the case of a $j=\frac{3}{2}\ensuremath{\rightarrow}{j}^{\ensuremath{'}}=\frac{1}{2}$ transition, for example, half the atoms remain excited when the initial atomic state is a full statistical mixture with equal weights of all Zeeman sublevels of the upper level. The experiment has been realized with gallium atoms. The results agree with semiclassical calculations.