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Studies on the O Antigen of Salmonella typhosa IV. Endotoxic Properties of the Purified Antigen
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1955
Year
ImmunotoxicologyPathogen DetectionToxicological MechanismOxidative StressMolecular PharmacologySelective ToxicityToxicologyLocal Shwartzman ReactionInfection ControlSalmonella Typhosa IvHealth SciencesBiochemistryPathogen CharacterizationGeneralized Shwartzman ReactionRenal PathophysiologyExperimental ToxicologyPharmacologyClinical MicrobiologyPurified AntigenTyphoid FeverO AntigenPathogenesisMicrobiologyS. TyphosaMedicine
A study was made of the endotoxic properties of a protein-free lipopolysac-charide isolated from the 0-901 strain of S. typhosa. The product was lethal for rabbits in a dose range of 20-50 μg while 300-500 μg were required to kill mice. The minimum pyrogenic dose in rabbits was 0.0002 μg, characterizing it as a pyrogen of extremely high potency. In a quantitative study of the local Shwartzman reaction, 1 μg or less, was effective as a preparatory or provocative dose. Its activity in eliciting bilateral renal cortical necrosis, the lesion characteristic of the generalized Shwartzman reaction, was in the range of 5-20 μg. Thus, very small quantities of a lipopolysaccharide, freed of protein, are capable of producing the various biological alterations generally attributed to endotoxins.