⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar Constraints on a Temporal Link between Gold Mineralization, Magmatism, and Continental Margin Transtension in the Jiaodong Gold Province, Eastern China

Abstract

The Jiaodong gold province is the largest gold repository in China. Both mineralization and granitoid hosts are spatially related to the crustal-scale Tan-Lu strike-slip fault system, which developed along the Mesozoic continental margin in eastern China. A series of 40Ar/39Ar laser incremental heating analyses of hydrothermal sericite/muscovite from three major gold deposits (Jiaojia, Xincheng, and Wangershan) and igneous biotite from the granodiorite hosts were performed to establish a possible temporal link between gold mineralization, magmatism, and movement along the Tan-Lu fault zone. Magmatic biotite crystals yield well-defined and concordant plateau ages between 124.5 ± 0.4 Ma and 124.0 ± 0.4 Ma (2σ), whereas sericite and muscovite samples (a total of 30 single separates) give reproducible plateau ages ranging from 121.0 ± 0.4 Ma to 119.2 ± 0.2 Ma (2σ). An integration of our 40Ar/39Ar results with age data from other major gold deposits in Jiaodong demonstrates that widespread gold mineralization occurred contemporaneously during a 2-3-m.yr. period. Most gold deposits show intimate spatial associations with abundant mafic to intermediate dikes. The mafic dikes have K-Ar ages of 123.5-119.6 Ma, in excellent agreement with those of the gold deposits. These newly obtained 40Ar/39Ar ages, in combination with other independent geological and geochronological data on granodioritic intrusions (130-126 Ma), volcanic rocks (1243.6-114.7 Ma), and deformed rocks within strike-slip faults (132-120 Ma) in Jiaodong or adjacent areas, also support the idea that gold mineralization postdated the granodioritic magmatism but was contemporaneous with mafic magmatism and volcanism, all controlled by the transtensional motion along the Tan-Lu fault in the Early Cretaceous.