Phase diagrams of three-dimensional Blume–Emery–Griffiths model

Abstract

The Monte Carlo simulation technique is used to obtain the complete phase diagram of the three-dimensional Blume–Emery–Griffiths (BEG) model. A staggered quadrupolar phase occurs with the competing bilinear and biquadratic interactions. Similar to the two-dimensional BEG model, the phase boundary line of the staggered quadrupolar phase and that of the ferromagnetic phase are extremely close to each other at low temperatures.