Europe Asia Studies · 2007 · 57 citations · 14 references
Social SciencesInternational RelationsPolitical ScienceDiplomacyForeign Policy AnalysisInternational Political EconomyForeign PolicyForeign Policy Decision-makingGeopoliticsGlobal Political EconomyResource PoliticsRussian Foreign PolicyChina RelationsGeopolitical PowerInternal DynamicsOil IndustryPolitical Economy Of OilRelations With RussiaResource GeopoliticsRussia Relations
This study examines the role of oil and gas in the making of Kazakhstan's foreign policy. It argues that Kazakhstan has been following a multi-vector foreign policy in relation to its oil-led development and the geopolitics of exporting oil from this landlocked region. The significance of geopolitical considerations and the resulting pragmatism of Kazakhstan's leadership only allow a limited role for national identity and internal political dynamics in the making of its foreign policy. Kazakhstan's geopolitical imperatives force the country to keep good relations with Russia and China as well as with the US and the EU, as counterbalancing partners.
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China's Global Hunt for Energy
David Zweig, Jianhai Bi · Foreign Affairs · 2005 · 440 citations
Kazakhstan: Unfulfilled Promise
Robert Legvold, Martha Brill Olcott · Foreign Affairs · 2002 · 142 citations