Cognitive factors differentiating attention deficit–hyperactivity disorder with and without a comorbid mood disorder.

Abstract

Mood disorders and attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) co-occur in 20-30% of children and adolescents diagnosed in both epidemiological and clinical studies, but little information is available regarding cognitive factors that may be relevant to the expression of co-occurring mood disorders and ADHD. This study examined whether ADHD with and without a comorbid mood disorder could be differentiated on the basis of cognitive factors associated with prominent theories of depression. Children meeting diagnostic criteria for ADHD (n = 14) or ADHD and a comorbid mood disorder (n = 27) were assessed on a variety of cognitive indices. Children in the comorbid group reported more negative views of themselves and a more depressogenic attributional style. Cognitive disturbances associated with A. T. Beck's (1967) cognitive model and attributional style theories of depression differentiate ADHD children with significant mood pathology.