Ubiquitin immunoreactivity in cerebrospinal fluid after traumatic brain injury: Clinical and experimental findings

Abstract

CSF ubiquitin levels are increased more than four-fold in patients after TBI and nontraumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage. Peak CSF ubiquitin measurements in patients with TBI probably underestimated the actual peak, on the basis of data from the animal model. The progressive rise in CSF ubiquitin in patients with TBI who died suggests that lack of clearance could reflect lethal progression to irreversible brain damage. Erythrolysis is one potential source of CSF ubiquitin.