Physical and sedentary activity in adolescents with cerebral palsy

TLDR

Regular physical activity benefits people with and without disability, improving health, psychological well-being, and physiological outcomes. This study investigated the physical and sedentary activity patterns of adolescents with cerebral palsy. The authors conducted a cross‑sectional postal survey of 219 adolescents with CP, using the PAQ‑A, self‑reported GMFCS level, and questions on weekly sedentary activities, after piloting for reliability and validity. Results showed that PA levels were positively associated with gross motor function and negatively with age, and that adolescents with CP were less active and engaged in lower‑intensity, less structured PA than peers, although sedentary behaviors were comparable.

Abstract

Participation in regular physical activity (PA) provides health, psychological, and physiological benefits for people with and without a physical disability. This study investigated the physical and sedentary activity patterns of adolescents with cerebral palsy (CP). A cross‐sectional, descriptive, postal survey was used, consisting of the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Adolescents (PAQ‐A), self‐reported level of gross motor function (based on the Gross Motor Function Classification System [GMFCS]), and specific questions regarding weekly sedentary activities. Following piloting to determine test‐retest reliability (intraclass correlation [ICC] for PA=0.90; total weekly sedentary time=0.84) and concurrent validity (survey PA score vs pedometry, Pearson's r =0.24; survey PA score vs accelerometry, r =‐0.21; survey weekly sedentary time vs logbook, r =0.38), the survey was mailed to all adolescents with CP in South Australia registered with Novita Children's Services ( n =219). One hundred and twelve valid surveys were returned (76 males, 36 females; age range 11‐17y, mean age 13y 11mo [SD 23mo]; GMFCS Level I, n =42; Level II, n =27; Level III, n =10; Level IV, n =17; Level V, n =15; level not reported, n =1). Results were compared with recent normative age‐ and sex‐matched data sets. Key findings were that PA level of adolescents with CP was related to level of gross motor function and inversely related to age, and that adolescents with CP were less physically active than their peers without disability. Comparisons with normative data sets suggested that adolescents with CP tend to participate in less structured and lower intensity PA compared with non‐disabled adolescents, though sedentary activity patterns (TV and computer use) of adolescents with and without CP were similar.