Anti-Colony-Stimulating Factor-1 Antibody Staining in Primary Breast Adenocarcinomas Correlates With Marked Inflammatory Cell Infiltrates and Prognosis

Abstract

Nuclear retention of CSF-1 could reflect CSF-1 turnover and function in tumor cells, but new approaches are needed to establish the significance of these observations. Secreted CSF-1 appears to cause monocyte recruitment and activation, thereby modulating immune functions and potentially the expression of the CD45RO phenotype in T cells.