Zero-bar n gaps of photonic crystals consisting of positive and negative index materials in microstrip transmission lines

Abstract

One-dimensional photonic crystals and quasiperiodic structures composed of positive and negative index materials were physically fabricated by using conventional microstrip line units and composite right/left-handed transmission line units. It is theoretically shown that the structures possess zero- gaps which are invariant with a change in the scale length, and the edges of the zero- gap are determined by and , respectively. We experimentally demonstrate the independence of the zero- gaps on the scaling by augmenting the respective length by the same factor and confirm the crucial function of and by constructing quasiperiodic structures. The experimental measurements agree well with the simulations.