Mechanistic Information on the Aquations of Complexes of the Pentaamminecobalt(III) Series from Kinetic Studies at High Pressures

Abstract

The logarithm of the pseudo-first-order rate coefficient k for the aquation of Co(NH 3 ) 5 X (3–n)+ can be represented by a quadratic equation in the pressure P, or, better, by[Formula: see text]where P is in kbar, [Formula: see text] is the volume of activation at P = 0, and x is the increase in the number of water molecules solvating the complex as it goes to the transition state. For [Formula: see text]Cl − , Br − ,[Formula: see text] and [Formula: see text] at 25° [Formula: see text] and ionic strength I = 0.1 M LiClO 4 /HClO 4 , [Formula: see text] −10.6, −9.2, −6.3, and +16.8 cm 3 mol −1 , and x = 8.0, 4.1, 3.9, 1.9, and −4.2; for X n− = NCS − , the mean ΔV* from P = 0.001 to 2.5 kbar at 88° is −4 cm 3 mol −1 . Detailed consideration of these data, especially their correlation with the molar volume of reaction by a straight line of unit slope for [Formula: see text] Cl − , Br − , NO 3 − , and H 2 O, provides strong evidence for a dissociative interchange mechanism. For [Formula: see text] the separating entity is probably HN 3 rather than [Formula: see text] For X n− = NCS − , aquation is incomplete, at practical complex concentrations; at 88.0°, 1 bar, and I = 0.1 M LiClO 4 /HClO 4 , k = 3.3 × 10 −6 s −1 and the stability constant of Co(NH 3 ) 5 NCS 2+ is 490 M −1 .