Internet Development, Censorship, and Cyber Crimes in China

TLDR

Since 1994, China has rapidly expanded its Internet, becoming the world's largest user by 2008, while the government maintains tight control and combats rising cyber crime. The article reviews China’s Internet history, censorship, and cyber‑crime responses. It examines regulatory control, political and civic uses of the Internet, and government reactions to cyber crimes.

Abstract

Since its first Internet connection with the global computer network in 1994, China has witnessed explosive Internet development. By the end of 2008, China replaced the United States as the largest Internet user of the world. Although China enjoyed tremendous economic benefits from Internet development, the Chinese government has tried to maintain tight control over the telecommunications industry and the public Internet use, and fight increasing cyber crimes. In this article, we first review historical development of Internet use in China and then focus on China’s Internet censorship and its regulatory control. Next, we explore how the Internet is actively utilized by both the government and the public to serve political and civic functions. Finally, we discuss cyber crimes as an emergent form of crime in China and examine how the Chinese government reacts to these offenses. Lessons from Internet use and regulation in China are also discussed within the context of China’s economic, political, and legal conditions.