On the coupling of degenerate modes on nonparallel dielectric waveguides

Abstract

Approximate expressions are derived for the coupling of degenerate modes on two nonparallel, dielectric-slab waveguides when the waveguides are symmetrically located about a plane. Numerical examples are given when the waveguides are either both straight or both curved. These results have applications in the design of waveguide junctions and couplers for integrated optical circuits.