INFLORESCENCE ARCHITECTURE: HOW FLOWER NUMBER, ARRANGEMENT, AND PHENOLOGY AFFECT POLLINATION AND FRUIT‐SET

Abstract

The adaptive significance of different types of inflorescences in flowering plants has been largely ignored. The few published studies investigating adaptive aspects of floral displays suggest that numbers of flowers and their arrangement in space and time determine levels of pollination and fruit‐set in natural populations. The frequently conflicting demands placed on inflorescence architecture have led to an evolutionary compromise that maximizes the genetic contribution of an individual plant to the next generation. These conflicting demands include pollinator attraction vs. ovary competition, fruit dispersal vs. fruit predation, and reproductive vs. vegetative resource allocation. In most cases, the inflorescence size most successful in fruit production is also the most frequent in natural populations. In addition to quantity of offspring, inflorescence architecture affects, and in turn is affected by, the quality of offspring that result from selfing vs. outcrossing.