Primary surgical repair of anterior vaginal prolapse: a randomised trial comparing anatomical and functional outcome between anterior colporrhaphy and trocar‐guided transobturator anterior mesh

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To compare anterior colporrhaphy with a trocar-guided transobturator mesh procedure (Avaulta(®) anterior). DESIGN: Randomised, controlled trial. SETTING: Three teaching hospitals. POPULATION: Women with a symptomatic cystocele at least stage II requiring primary surgical correction. METHODS: A total of 125 women were assessed at baseline and 1-year follow up. A sacrospinous hysteropexy or posterior colporrhaphy was performed when indicated. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary outcome was the difference in anatomical cure (defined as Pelvic Organ Prolapse-Quantification <stage II cystocele). Secondary outcomes were complications, self-reported urogenital symptom severity, and quality of life, as measured with validated questionnaires. RESULTS: In all, 64 women were allocated to the anterior colporrhaphy group and 61 to the mesh group; 58/64 women versus 56/61 completed 12 months of follow-up analysis. Compared with the anterior colporrhaphy group, the mesh reduced the risk of anatomical failure at 12 months follow up from 59 to 9% (risk reduction 50.3%, 95% CI 35.5-65.1). Only three (5%) re-operations for anatomical failure in the anterior colporrhaphy group were performed versus 0% in the mesh group. Functional outcome improved significantly at 12 months on almost all domains, with similar results between groups. Mesh exposure occurred in two (4%) women. Baseline dyspareunia disappeared significantly more often after an anterior colporrhaphy (80%) than in the mesh group (20%). There was a trend towards more de novo dyspareunia in the mesh group (15% versus 9%). CONCLUSIONS: Primary cystocele repair with trocar-guided transobturator mesh resulted in a statistically significant better anatomical outcome compared with the anterior colporrhaphy. However, functional outcome was similar between groups.