Equation of State for Nineteen Metallic Elements from Shock-Wave Measurements to Two Megabars

TLDR

Shock pressures from the collision of driver plates with a stationary target are roughly three times higher than the original driver shock pressure. Plane‑wave explosive systems accelerated thin metal plates, the photographic flash‑gap technique recorded shock‑wave velocities, and the thermodynamic variable γ was derived by solving the Dugdale‑MacDonald relation. The new data extend the Hugoniot loci of 19 metallic elements into the 1–2 megabar range, and using Mie‑Grüneisen theory a more complete P‑V‑E‑T equation of state is provided.

Abstract

Plane-wave explosive systems were used to accelerate thin metal plates to high velocities. Shock pressures resulting from the collision of these driver plates with a stationary target plate are approximately three times greater than the original shock pressure in the driver plate. The photographic flash-gap technique was used to record velocities associated with the shock waves. The new experimental data extend the Hugoniot loci into the one-to two-megabar region for 19 metallic elements: Ag, Au, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Mo, Ni, Pb, Sn, Th, Ti, Tl, V, W, Zn, Bi, Fe, Sb. The Hugoniot P, V, E data have been extended to a more complete P, V, E, T equation of state by use of the Mie-Grüneisen theory. The thermodynamic variable, γ=V(∂P/∂E)v, necessary for this extension, was obtained by solving the Dugdale-MacDonald relation.