Atorvastatin Protects Vascular Smooth Muscle Cells From TGF-�1-Stimulated Calcification by Inducing Autophagy via Suppression of the �-Catenin Pathway

Abstract

These data demonstrated that atorvastatin protect VSMC from TGF-β1-stimulated calcification by inducing autophagy through suppression of the β-catenin pathway, identifying autophagy induction might be a therapeutic strategy for use in vascular calcification.