Models of secondary nucleation attributable to crystal‐crystallizer and crystal‐crystal collisions

Abstract

Abstract The rate of secondary nucleation of ice, assumed to be proportional to the product of collision frequency and impact energy, has been quantitatively modeled using idealized representations of collisions between crystals and either other crystals or surfaces in the crystallizer. The crystal‐crystallizer collisions were assumed to be driven by either steady or turbulent fluid motion and the crystal‐crystal collisions were assumed to be driven by either gravitational forces or turbulent eddies. The models predict to a good approximation the experimentally determined dependence of the secondary nucleation of ice on crystal size, ice concentration, and agitation power.