Effects of<i>Metarhizium anisopliae</i>on searching, feeding and predation by<i>Orius albidipennis</i>(Hem., Anthocoridae) on<i>Thrips tabaci</i>(Thy., Thripidae) larvae

Abstract

Abstract The generalist predator Orius albidipennis Reut. (Hem., Anthocoridae) and entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae (Metchnikoff) Sorokin (Ascomycota: Clavicipitaceae) are important biocontrol agents of Thrips tabaci Lindeman (Thys., Thripidae) in most greenhouses. In this study, we estimated searching time, feeding time and predation rate in O. albidipennis feeding on untreated and treated thrips larvae which had been inoculated with three concentrations of M. anisopliae V275 at four time intervals; 0, 24, 48 and 72 h after infestation. Applied concentrations were 1×103, 2×104 and 2×105 conidia/mL which roughly correspond to the LC25, LC50 and LC75 for second instar-larvae. O. albidipennis responded to the presence of the M. anisopliae on the treated hosts by increasing the searching time and decreasing feeding time and predation rate levels. It was also able to detect and avoid treated patches.